What it means
The word “psychedelic” was coined in the 1950s and means, roughly, “mind-manifesting”. It describes substances that can profoundly change perception, emotion, thought and the sense of self.
Families of substances
These substances belong to different families, each acting on the brain in its own way [1] [2].
Classic psychedelics
They include psilocybin, LSD and DMT. They act mainly on the serotonin system and can change perception, emotions and thought.
Entactogens
MDMA is the best-known example. It can influence emotional processing and the sense of closeness to others.
Dissociative anaesthetics with psychedelic properties
They act mainly on the glutamate system and can change the perception of the body, space and time.
What sets this approach apart from usual psychiatric medication
The way it is used is different, and the clinical setting is part of the approach [2].
Conventional drug treatments
Often taken regularly, to maintain the therapeutic effect over time.
Psychedelic therapy
Researched in structured sessions, in which the experience itself and the clinical setting are part of the approach.
That is why preparation, support during the session and integration afterwards are part of the treatment [3].
An assessment centred on you
Everyone has their own clinical history and goals. The assessment consultation is where we get to know your situation, answer your questions and agree with you on the most appropriate care. KETAMED uses only medicines authorised in Portugal, after individual assessment.
Research
The most consistent research involves depression that has not responded to treatment and post-traumatic stress disorder, with studies also in anxiety associated with serious illness and in addictions [4] [5]. Other areas are being explored.
Further reading: Psilocybin and end of life and Hope and hype: a McLean guide.
Frequently asked questions
Is psychedelic therapy legal in Portugal?
Clinical use of authorised medicines, prescribed and administered by doctors, is legal. KETAMED uses only medicines authorised in Portugal, after individual assessment. Classic psychedelics and MDMA remain controlled in Portugal and can only be used in authorised research.
Will I lose control during a session?
Experiences can be intense, but they take place in a prepared setting, with professionals present throughout and vital signs monitored. Preparation exists precisely so you know what to expect and how to handle difficult moments.
Do I need to stop my medication?
Do not change or stop any medicine on your own. Your current medication is reviewed in the clinical assessment and any decision is made with your doctor.
Practical questions, such as how long care lasts, are covered in the treatment options.
This page is informational and does not constitute advertising of medicines or a treatment recommendation. Any treatment is always an individual medical decision.
References
- Nichols DE. Psychedelics. Pharmacol Rev. 2016;68(2):264–355. doi:10.1124/pr.115.011478 (opens in a new tab) Review
- Vollenweider FX, Preller KH. Psychedelic drugs: neurobiology and potential for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020;21:611–624. doi:10.1038/s41583-020-0367-2 (opens in a new tab) Review
- Johnson MW, Richards WA, Griffiths RR. Human hallucinogen research: guidelines for safety. J Psychopharmacol. 2008;22(6):603–620. doi:10.1177/0269881108093587 (opens in a new tab) Guidance
- Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, et al. Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1637–1648. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2206443 (opens in a new tab) Clinical trial
- Mitchell JM, Bogenschutz M, Lilienstein A, et al. MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. Nat Med. 2021;27:1025–1033. doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3 (opens in a new tab) Clinical trial
